aN eXPANDED vERSION OF THE bIOLOGICAL aRGUMENT aGAINST eVOLUTION

sINCE i WAS ABLE TO FIND rICHARD dAWKINS' BOOK, tHE gOD dELUSION, ONLINE AS AN AUDIO BOOK, i THOUGHT i MJIGHT ALSO FIND HIS BOOK, tHE bLIND wATCHMAKER ONLINE TOO BUT IT ISN'T TO BE FOUDN, SO FAR ANYWAY.  iT WAS WRITTEN IN THE EIGHTIES WHIH MAKES I OLDER THAN THE gOD dELUSION BUT APPARENTLY NOBODY HAS SEEN FIT TO LOAD IT ONTO yOU tUBE.

hOWEVER, i DID FIND AN INTERVIEW OF HIM IN WHICH HE COVERS THE BASICS OF EVOLUTION STARTING WITH dARWIN'S DISCOVERIES, AND i THINK HIS REASONING IS PRETTY EASY TO GRASP ANYWAY SO MAYBE i DON'T NEED TO FIND THE BOOK.  iF i FIND IT OLATER THEN i'LL KNOW OF COURSE BURT FOR NOW ALL i HAVE IS THIS INTERVIEW.

iT IS INTERESTING THAT HE REGARDS THE PATTERN OF , OR DISTRIBUTION OF, DIFFERENT VARIATIONS ON ANIMALS , IN AREAS SURROUNDING A MAIN AREA, SUCH AS ISLANDS AROUND A MAINLAND IN THE SCASE OF THE gALAPAGOS ISLANDS WHERE dARWIN OBSERVED THE TURTLE THAT DIFFERERS SLIGHTLY FROM THAT ON THE MAINLAND,  ...FINDS THIS DISTRIBUTION PATTERN TO BE "CONSISTENT WITH EVOLUTION" OR "WHAT WE WOULD EXPECT IF EVOLUTION IS TRUE."   wHEREAS HE THINKS THAT IF THE STORY OF nOAH'S ARK WERE TRUE THEY SHOULD ALL BE FOUND IN THE AREA AROUND aRARAT WHERE THE ARK CAME TO REST.  

tHE PEOPLE SPREAK D OUT FROM THE ARK, AND OBVIOUSLY SO DID THE ANIMALS, WHY DO DEBUNKERS LIKE dAWKINS ALSWAY THINK THEIR SILLIEST MOST TIRVIAL NOTIONS MUST BE THE TTRUTH ANYWAY?    

aNYWAY i AM SURPRISED THAT HE NEVER SEEMS TO ADDRESS THE FACT OF WHAT IS CALLED "MICROEVOLUTION" AS THE EXPLANATION OF THE VARIATIONS WE SEE THAT ONLY SLIGHTLY DIFFER FROM EACH OTHER.  i IMMEDIATELY KNOW, AND WHY DOESN'T HE, THAT THESE VARIATIONS ARE 

wHAT IS CALLED MICROEVOLUTION IS THE VARIATIONS THAT ARE BUILT INTO THE GENOME OF EACH SPECIES BUT HE TALKS AS IF THETERE IS NO LIMIT TO THE VARIATIONS POSSIBLE.  bUT THERE IS.  hE KNOWS VERY WELL THAT THERE ARE TWO FORMS OF A SINGLE GENE, TWO ALLELES, ONE OF WHICH FROM EACH PARENT IS SELECTED BY SEXUAL RECOMBINATION AT THE CONCEPTION OF A \\OFFSPRING OF ANY SEXUALL REPRODUCING ORGANISM.  aN ALLELE FROM THE FATHER AND ONE FROM THE MOTHER FOR EVERY DGENE IN THE SPECIES GENOME IS WHAT MAKES FOR THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OFFSPRING, WHICH OF COURSE LOOKS LIKE THE PARENTS BUT ALSO SLIGHTLY DIFFERS FROM THE PARENTS BECAUSE OF THE SELECTION PROCESS AT CONCEPRTION.

tHEIS IS THE MOST COMMON SELECTION PROCESS AS A MATTER OF FACT, NOT NATURAL SELECTION BUT SEXUAL RECOMBINATION AS THE GENETIC POTENTIALS IN THE SPECIES GENOME ARE SHFUFFLED AS IT WERE TO MAKE A NEW CREATURE SLIGHNTLY DIFFERYING FROM THE PARENTS.  tHAT IS HOW VARIATION TAKES PLACE.  nO OTHER SELECTION IS N EEDED, THE ALLELES ARE ALREADY PRESENT IN THE GENOME, THEY DIDN'T HAVE TO BE PRODUCED BY MUTATION OR SELECTIOED FOR THEIR FITNESS TO THE ENVIRONMENT OR SURPRIVAL POTENTION, AND COOF COURSE AT THIS STAGE COUDLN'T BE ANYWAY, THEY ARE SELECTED AT RANDOM, AS FAR AS WE KNOW,  AT CONCEPTION DURING THE PROCESS KNOWN AS SEXUAL RECOMBINATION.  i HAVE BLUE EYES BECAUSE i GOT THE BLUE ALLELE FROM MY FATHER'S BLUE EYES IN COMBINATION WITH THE BLUE ALLELE FOMR MY MOTHER'S HETEROZYGOUS BROWN EYES.  sHE HAD ABLUE AND A BROWN ALLELE, i GOT THE BLUE ONE, RANDOMLY.  mY SIBLINGS ALL GOT THE BROWN ONE AND HAVE BROWN EYES.  aCTUALLY THEY HAVE LIGHTER THAN BROWN EYES AND i DON'T KNOW HOW TO EXPLAIN THAT GENETICS, SOMETHING ABOUT MULTIPLE GENES GOVERNING ONE TRAIT i SUPPOSE, BUT THEY DON'T HAVE BLUE EYES.

iN THE CASE OF, SAY, THE gALAPAGOS TURTLES, SOME SMALL NUMBER FO TURTLES FROM THE MAINLAND PRESUMABLY MANAGED TO GET ONTO THE ISOLAND WHERE THEY REPRODUCED TOGETHER FOR SOME NUMBER OF GENERATIONS UNTIL THEY BEGAN TO LOOK SOMEWHAT DIFFERENT FROM TTHOSE ON THE MAINLAND.  sICNE THEY WERE A SMALL NUMBER TO BEIN WITH THEY WOULD HAVE HAND THEIR OWN SET OF "GENE FREQUENCIES" FOR ALL THE GENES IN THEIR GTURBLE GENOME, AND THIS DIFFERNET FREQUENCIY OF GENES WHEN MIXED OVER A NUMBER OF TGENERATIONS WOULD BGING OUT WHATEVER CHARACTERISTICS ARE PRETENST IN GREAT FREQUENCY IN THEIR GROUP THAN THOSE OF THE TURTLES ON THE MAINLAND, AND THOSE THAT HAD A SMALLER GENE FREQUENCY, FEWER OF A PARTICULAR ALLELLE FOR INSTANCE, WOULD EVENTUALLY DROP OUT OF THE GROUP APPARENTCE.  iT'S THE NEW GENE FREQUENCIES IN COMBINTATION THAT CAUSE THE NEW VARIATIONS TO EMERGE IN DAUGHTER POPULATIONS WHEN ISOLATED FROM THE PARENT POPULATIONJ.  iT'S ALL JUST A PRODUCET OF HOW GENETICS WORKS, NO NATURAL SELECTION NEEDED, NO FITNESS PRESSURE, NO SELECTION PROCESS OTHER THAN THE ISOLATION OF THIS SMALLER NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS ALONE.  that'S THE SELECTION PROCESS THAT BRINGS ABOUT THE NEW VARIATION IN THE NEW POPULATION.  

bUT EVOLUTIONISTS DON'T THINK ALONG THESE LINES FOR SOME REASON.  tHEY WILL TALK ABOUT GENE FREQUENCIES AS A DRIVING FACTOR IN EVOLUTION BUT THEN SEEM TO NEED TO ADD ;A SEECLECTION PBASED ON FITNESS TO THAT.  bUT NO SUCH FITNESS SELECTION IS NECESSARY, GENETICS ALONE WILL BRING OUT NEW CHARACTERISTICS WHEN A NEW SET OF GENE FREQUENCIES IS ISOLATED AND INBRED OVER SOME NUMBER OF GENERATIONS.

iT IS CERTAINLY TRUE THAT ADAPTATION TO THE ENVIRONMENT IS SEEN IN MANY CASES, CSUCH AS THE DIFFERENT FINCHES WITH DIFFERENT BEAK TYPES THAT EAT DIFFERENT KINDS OF FOOD S THAT THEIR BEAKS ARE BEST SUITED FOR, BUT THERE IS NO REAON OTO THINK THE ENVIRONMKENT IS DRIVING THE SELECTIN SINCE GENETICS ALONE WILL BRING OUT DIFFERENT BEAK TYPES WITHINT  A GROUP OF NEW GENE FREQUENCEIES, SHARED GENE FREQUENCY AMONG THE GROUP i MEAN, AS OVER TIME IF THERE IS MORE OF THE ALLEL FOR A PARTICULAR KIND OF BEAK IN THIS GROUP IT WILL COME TO BE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE GROUP, AND THEN THAT FINCH WOULD NATURALLY GRAVITATE TO WHATEVER FOOT ITS BEAK TYPE IS BEST TSUITED FOR, IF A LONG SLENDER BEAK IT MAY PROVE UNDER TREE BARK FOR INSECTS, IF SHORT AND THICK THEY'LL GO FOR NUTS THEY CAN CRACK AND THAT SORT OF THING.  bUT THERE IS NO NEED TO THINK OF THE ENVIRONMENT AS DRIVING THE ADAPTABLION.  iN FACT IF IT WERE THE CREATURE IN MANY CASES WOULD DIE OUT BEFORE IT CAME UP WITH THE NEEDED ADAPTATION.  bUT THERE ARE BOTH UTES AND INSECTIONS  INSECTS THAT IS, IN TREE BARK ON ANY GIVEN ISOLATND AS A FMATTER OF FACT.  tHERE IS NO NEED FOR NATURAL SECLECTION OR FITNESS SELECTION, THE BEAK ITSELF THROUGH THE ACCIDENTAL BCOMBINATIONS OF GENES WILL FIND THE FOOD IT CAN BEST MAKE USE OF.

i DID HAVE TO SPEND A LONJG TIME THINKING ALL THIS THROUGH BUT BY NOW IT ESEEMS SO OBVIOUS i DON'T UNDERSTAND HOW IT ISN'T THE USUAL WAY OF THINKING ABOUT THESE THINGS, HOW NATURAL SELECTION EVER ACQUIRED SUCH STAYING POWER AS THE THEORY OF CHOICE.

bUT ANYWAY, THAT'S ABOUT ADAPTATION.  aS FOFR EVO.LUTION ITSELF IT SEEMS PRETTY OBVIOUS THAT AN ENORMOUS RANGE OF VARIATIONS ARE BUILT INTO THE GENOME OF ANY GSPECIES, THAT YOU CAN BGET AN ENOMROUIS RANGE OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF BIRDS FROM THE SAME BASIC GENEOME JUST BEAUCSE OF THE PAIRING OF DIFFERENT ALLELES FOR EACH GENE.   aS A PARTICULAR BREED FOR  TYPE EMERGES FROM ITS GENETIC ISOLATION OVER GENERATIONS IT DEVELOPES MORE HOMOZYGOSITY FOR ITS SALIENT CHARACTERISTICS, BUT IN THE GENEOME AT LARGE, SCATTERED THROUGHJOUT THE GREATER POPULATION OF THE SPECIES, THERE ARE \\\\ARE MANY MANY MAN VARIATIONS POSSIBLE.  

bUT IN ANY GIVEN LINJE OF EVOL;UTION, SAY THE DEVLOPMENT OF A SLENDER BEAKED FINCH, THAT LINE, WHICH WILL BECOME HOMOZYGOUS OVER TIME FOR THE CHARACRTERISTICS RELATED TO THAT BEAK, WILL BE MOVING IN THE DIRECTION away from EVOLUTION, AWAY FROM VARIATION, AWAY FROM THE POSSIBLEITLITY FO FURTHER CHANGE.  hOMOZYGOSITY IS HOW THIS LIMITATION SHOWS UP.  eVENTUALLY A PURE BREED, USUALLY FOUND ONLY IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS , OR IN THE WILD IN GEENDGAGEREDSPECIES WHICH HAVE UNDERGONE A SEVERE BOTTLENESSCK, IT CAN RACH A POINT WHERE NO FURTHER CHANGE IS POSSIBLE AT ALL.  tHE CHEETAH AND THE ELEPHANT SEAL ARE THE NATURAL EXAMPLES OF THIS.  i THINK THERE ARE DOMESTIC CATTLE FOR WHICH IS TIS TRUE ALSO.  tHEY GETO TO A POINT WHERE THERE IS SO MUCH HOMOZYGOSITY OR FIXED GENES THAT THEY CAN'T "EVOLVE" ANY FURTHER.

aND THAT'S WHAT i'VE IDENTIFIED AS THE EVIDENCE THTA EVOLUTION IS LIMITED BY GENETICS, THAT "EVOLUTION DEFEATES EVOLUTION.
  bECAUSE WEHREEVER YOU FIND CHANG OCCURRING OVER MANY GENERATIONS YOU ALSO FIND THIS GTREND CTO GENETIC DEP.LENTION DEPLENTION.  dEPLETION, REDUCITON IN GENETIC VARIATBILITY, EXPRESSED LARGLY AS INCREAED HOMOZYGOSITY.     tHERE MAY BE LOTS AND LOTS OF GENETIC POTENTIAL IN THE LARGE POPULATION OF THE SPECIES, AS IN THE CAT SPECIES FO RINSTANCE, WHILE THE EVOLVING LINE HAS REACHED A DEAD END, SUCH AS ABHTHTHE CHEETAH,

bUT THAT'S THE POINBT, WSEHREVER THE SPECIES IS EVOLUTION IT GECOMES LESS CAPABLE OF EVOLVING, AND THAT'S MY EVIDNEC ETHA TEVOLUTION IS IMPOSSIBLE, THAT IT'S LIMITED TO WHEGVER THE GENEOME POSSESSES AND EVOLUTIONJ REUES THE VARIABILITY OF WHAT IT POSSIESSES.  yOU CAN STILL GET LINONS AND TIGERS, BT YOU CAN'T GET ANY THING AFTER THE CHEETAH.

aND YOU CAN'T GET ANYTHIHG "OUTSIDE" THE GENOME" AS IT WERE.  tHE VARIATIONS BUILT INTO THE GENEOME ARE SELF LIMITING.  

aND i REALLY DO THINGK THAT THERE IS A BUILT IN LIITATION TO THE BODY PLAN OF EACH SPECIES, THAT YOU DONB'T EVER GET VIABLE VARIATIOHNS ON THE GBODY PLAN ITSELF, SOMJETHNING TO TODO WITH HOW THE GENES ARE ALREADY FIXED OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT.  bUT A BIRD SPEKELETON IS ALWAYS THE SAME NO MATTER WHAT BIRD YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT, THE BODY SHAPE IS THE SAME AND THE LIMBS ARE ATTACHED IN THE SAME PLACES AND SO ON.  tHE BODY PLAN DOES NOT CHANGE WALTHOUGH THE SIZE AND FEATHER TYPE AND COLOR AND TEXTURE AND SPECTACULAR PLUMABE IN SOME CASES, CAN VARY ENOMRMOUSLY FROM BIRD TO BIRD.  iT'S ALL BUILT INTO THE GENEOME.  iT REQAUIRES NO MTUATIOHNS OR FITNESS SELECTION TO BRING IT OUT, IT'S BROUGHT ABOUT BY CHANGIN G GENE FREQUENCIES THAT BREED TOGETHER IN ISOLATION FROM OTHER GROUPS.  pERIOD.

sO dARWIN'S gALAPAGOS TURTLES WERE JUST THE RPODUCT OF THE NEW GENE FREQUENCY OF THAT GROUP THAT MIGRATED TO THE ISLAND FROM THE MAINLAND.  iT'S GO T NOTHING TO DO WITH EVOLUTION BECAUSE THIS IS JUST VARIATION THAT IS BUILT INTO THE GENEOME. eVOLUTION WOULD REQUIRE CHANGE IN THE BODY PLAN AND i THINK THAT IS IMPOSSIBLE GIVEN THE GENETIC ENDOWMENT OF EACH SPECIES.  

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iT HAS SEEMED TO ME THAT RING SPECIES MAKE A PARTICULARLY GOOD EXAMPLE BECAUSE THEY APPEAR TO BE POPULATIONS THAT FORM FROM PREVIOUS POPULATIONS THAT WILL ALREADY HAVE UNDERGONE SOME DEGENERAEE OF REDUCTION OF GENETIC  VARIABILITY WITH THEIR NEW GENE FREQUENCY SET THAT DIFERS FROM THAT OF THE ERLIER POPULATION, SO THAT YOU ARE GETTING POULATIONS OF TREATER REDUCTIO FO GENETIC DIFVERSITY WSITH EACH NEW MIGRATION FO OF A SMALL NUMBER OF INDIVIDULAS FROM THE PREVIOUS OPUATION.  yOU ARE LIKELY TO GET QUITE DRAMATIC NEW PHENOTYPES, THAT IS, VISIBLE CHARACTERISTICS, ESPEICALLY IN BIRDS WHICH CAN HAVE VERY DRAMATIC PLUMAGE AND COLORATION, BUT IT WILL BE ACCOMPANIED BY THE LOSS OF ALLELES FOR OTHER TRAITS WHICH IS THE REDUCTION IN GENERITC DIFERCDCTION.  tHE NEW CHARACTERISTICS ARE ALSO VERY LIKELY TO BE HOMOZYGOUS.  aS YOU GO RAROUND THE SERIES OF POPULATIONS YOU SHOJULD READH THE LAST ONE WHICH HAS ALMOST ALL HOMOZYGOUS SALEINT STRAITS.   THIS IS LIKELY BUT i DON'T THINK IT HAS BEEN SHOWN.  i'D WANT TO SET IT UP IN A LABORATORY IF POSSIBLE TO CONTROL THE ISOLATION FROM POUOPULATION TO POPULATION.

aND i LIKE THE POD MRCARU EXAPLE OF THE LIZARDS THAT DEVELOPED LARGE HEADS AND STRONG JAWS ON THIRY YEARS FROM A FOUNDING POPULATION OF TEN INDIVIDUALS RAMDOMLY TAKEN FROM THE LARG POPULATIO ON THE MAINLAND.  THE NEW GENE FREQUENCIES IN THE SMALL POPULATION WERE OBVIOUSLY CONDUCIVE TO THE DEVLOPEMENT OF THOSE LARGE HEADS AND STRONG JAWS AND AS A RESULT THE LIZARDS ON THE ISLAND GRAVITATED TO A NEW DIET OF SOMETHIHGN A LOT ROUGHER THAN THE DIET THE POARENT POPULATION ON THE MAINLAND HAS.   THIRDY YEARS WOULDN'T BE LONG ENOUGH FOR NATURAL SELECTION ACCORDING TO THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION, BUT IT'S PLENTY LONG ENOUGH FOR A NEW GESET OF GENE FREQUENCIES IN TEN INDIVIDUALS TO WORK THEIR WAY THROUGH THE WHOLE POU;LATION FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION UNTIL THERE MIGHT BE THOUSANDS OF INDIVIDUALS ON THE ISOLAND.   hUNDRED AS ANYWAY.

aNYWAY, THAT'S THE BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE AAINST EVOLUTION THAT i WORKED ON FOR TEWETNY YEARS.  tHERE'S ALSO GEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE AGAINST AN OLD EARTH AND THE IDEA OF THE FOSSIL RECORD,K WHICH i'VE WRITTEN ABOUT IN RECENT OSTS.  iT TOO NEEDS A MORE EXPANDED DISCUSSION BUT i'M NOT UP TO IT IAT THE MOEMNT.

IT IS SO FRUSTRATING TO KEEP MAKING MISTAKES AS i TYPE, AND i'M JUST GRATEFUL TO FIND THAT FOR THE MOST PART THEY DON'T MANGLE THE MEANING BEYOND ALL RECOGNIZTION.